Magnetic separator.



PATENTED NOV. 19, 1907.

A. SGHWARZ.

MAGNETIC SEPARATOR.

APPLIOATION FILED APR.7.1906.

3 SHEETS--SHEET 1.

INVENTOR /fid ATTORNEY I No. 871,301.. I PATENTED NOV. 19, 1907.

' A. SOHWARZ.

MAGNETIC SEPARATOR. APPLICATION FILED APR.7.1906.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

INVENTOR I Wye/M PM ATTORNEY I A.v SGH'WARZ.

PATENTED NOV. 19, 1907 MAGNETIG SEPARATOR. ABPLIOATION FILED APR. 7.1906.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

l6 imi" 7 j UNITED .s'rn

ALFRED SGHWARZ, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

i maenn'ric snrana'ron.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 19.1907,

To at't whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALFRED SCHWARZ, a

.- subject of the Emperor of Germany, and a resident of the borough ofManhattan, city,

.county, and State of New York, have mvented certain new and usefulImprovements in Magnetic Separators, of which the following isa'specification.

' The present invention relates to magnetic separators and in theparticular embodiment thereof illustrated in the accompanying drawingscomprises a table with means for impart ng thereto a series of rapidreciproca tions. The desired separation is effected by a bank of magnetsarranged in groups or rows running diagonally across the table or at anangle-to the direction of reciprocations of the table.. By means of asuitable commutator the rows of magnets are successively energized anddeenergized. so as to. develop magnetlc holds of force along successivesec-' tions of, the table, the magnetic particles beingtransported-across the table in a direction substantially transverse tothat of the extension of the rows of magnets, while the non magneticparticles are caused to travel along thetable the direction of the rowsof magnetsIv Thehankof'magnets may be mounted ofl tiiereci rocating'table or on a stationary frame iinr ependent of the table, the essentialfeature being the disposition of the magnets relatively to the table toelieet the separation of the magnetic from the nonmagnetic particles inthe -manner above stated. 'll'ie'magnets may be divided into as manyrows as desired, and I prefer to make the magnets of each row ofprogressively increasing strength as will be described more fullyhereafter; i I

In the 'aceomp'an-yu'ig drawings Figure 1. 1s

atop view of one formof separator embodycured to a' stationarv frame;Fig.- :.'a central" log my invention showing the magnc-ts'selongitudinal vertical section on the plane of the line 2 -2 ofliig. 1;Fig 2. a top view of a separator showing the magnets secured to thetable? Fig. 4 a vertical section on the plane ofthe hnc 44 cf Fig. 3;and Fig. 5 a diagrammatic view 'of'the magnetic circuits tfd the mannerof winding the magnets.

'ai'Similar rclcrence numerals indicate similar parts in the severalviews.

Referring more particularly to Figs. 1 and .2 the numcral'ldesignates atable mounted on plvotally supported links 2, the said table beingr'cciprocated in a horizontal direction l ,bin.

by a crank or eccentric 3 on the shaft 4, the

any convenient means.

latter being driven b walls 5 and 6 of the ta- Between the vertica anydesired angle; Above the rifiie 7 is a hopper 12 through which thematerial to be separated is fed.

The separation of the magnetic particles is effected by a bank ofelectromagnets which may be mounted upon astationary frame or aframesecured to the reciprocating table. The former construction isillustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 in which the numerals 13 desi nate theuprights of a framesecured to the iloor, these uprights being connectedby cross pieces 14 to which are secured slats or bars 15 runningparallel with. the rifiles and substantially over the vertical walls 16.of the rifiles. .Secured t0 the slats 15 are fields, and so that whenthe magnetic par-- ticles arelifted from a given rifiie they will bedeposited in the nextsucceeding rifile when the corresponding row ofmagnets is deinergized. F or the purpose of illustration i; have shownthe magnets divided into four groupsor rows designated respectively 17,18, 19- and 20, and eacheoinprising four magnets. It is to beunderstood. however, that in practice there may be any number of rowsand each row may comprise any numher of magnets to eilect thedesiredseparation. 'l"hc magnets 20 of the last row are so disposed asto deposit thc magnetic particlos,;;when said magnets are dccnergized.in

riiile" [-1 along which they will begradually carried by the joggingmotion of the table to a chute 21 to be deposited in a suitable bin. Theritiies 7, 5, 9 and 10 along which the nonmagnctic particles are causedto travel conncct with a chut 22 wh'ich delivers into a Asshowndiagrammatically in Fig. 5 I prei'cr to construct the magnets so-thatthey shall be of progressively mcrcasmg strength from the front towardthe rear of the table. This may be conveniently accomplished byincreasing the number of windings about the pole pieces. Thus the firstmagnet of each illil-of still eater strength to-separate the arrowmayhave four turns,

eight turns, the next twelveturns, and so on. .As the hopper 12discharges the material to be so arated in proximity to the firstmagnet,

that of thefirst magnet, the particles of less magnetic susceptibilitywill be separated, and -so on to the next magnet of row 17 which isticles ,0 least magnetic susceptibility. he 1 corresponding magnetsofthe several rows are correspondingly wound so as to be made effectivein the manner above stated.

'20 The m nets are controlled by a commutator 24 vided into sections byinsulation 25, the sections corresponding to the total number of rows ofmagnets and designated respectively-in the order of rotation 17, 18,

- 19' and 20. The commutator 24 is mounted on a shaft and rotated by ansuitable means at a speed adapted to the e ective operation oftheseparator, and is preferably so timed relatively to the reciprocationsof the table that a given row of magnets will'be deenerjred at the endof each movement ofthe ta- Y le.-' .The advantage of this will beapparent when describing the mode of operation. A stationary brush 26 incontact with the face of the commutator .is-connected to one terminaloffthe source of current 27, and the feed 'linei28 connected to theother terminal has branches leading therefrom to the several rows'ofmagnets as shown inFig. 5. The n ets of each row are grouped in seriesan each row is connected to a corresponding commutator section, that ismagnets 17 to section'17, magnets 18 to sectibn 18' and so on, itresulting therefrom that during a single rotation of the commutator therows of magnets will be successively energized and that but one row willbe energized at a given time.

In Figs. 3 and 4 the construction and relative arrangement of the" partsis the same as that heretofore described except that the slats 15 towhich the magnets are secured instead of being carried upon a stationary-frame are attached to cross pieces 23 mount ed on thetable so that themagnets will partairs of the reciprocatory movements of the ta e.

. The method of operation is as follows. The material to be treated isfirst crushed or ground to any desir'fed mesh and fed to the 80 tablethrough the hvipper l2 falling into rifile 7. The reel ocatio s of thetable will cause the materia to spread in a comparatively thin massover'said riilic in roximity to the first row of magnets 17. W ion saidmagnets are cuerglfied the magnetic particles will be the next magnet lattracted and remain attached to the poles thereof during their periodof magnetization. As soon as-magnets 17 are 'deenergized by the. section17 of the commutator passing from under brush 20 the attracted particleswill be 70 I released. When that occurs the magnetic articles will bedeposited in n'flle 8, the parts ing so timed in the constructionillustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 as to bring said rifile substan-' tiallyunder the magnets 17. In the construction illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4the jogging movement will be suil'ici'ent to throwtlhe released magneticparticles into riflie 8. From rifile 8 the magnetic particles will beattracted when magnets 18 are energized by the contact of section 18 ofthe commutator with brush 26 and deposited in riilie' 9 when' themagnets 18 are dcnergized: in the-course of the rotation of thecommutator. The 4 above described operations are repeated by magnets 19and 20 as theyare. successively energized and deenergized. When magnets20 are de'e'nergized the released particles will fall into rifiie ll-andthe movement of the table will cause such particles to gradually movetoward chute 21 and thence to be deposited in a suitable bin.

The speed of rotation of the commutator and .the intensities of themagnetiefields developed in the rows of magnets success- ,96 sivelyacross the table may be'varied according to the character of material treatedaand the thoroughness of the separation;desiredfi l In practicethese conditions have'heen so f3.- adjusted that the magnetic sweptacross the table in rapid y succeeding. wave-like formations. From-givenmasses";- dcposited in the first rifiie-7 more or less non--- ma neticparticles will be mechanicallycabf rie over with the magnetic particles,and-11:05 as such masses are turned over and over dnr-g ing theirprogress across the table the .non- 1.

magnetic particles will'be setyfree and will- 3 fall into the rifilesalong which theyflare-ca a ried by the reciprocations .of; thei 'tableto no,

nets and the development of successive fields of force the magneticparticles transported in a directionasubstanfia y transverse. to. thattaken by "the non-magnetic particles. The alternate lifting and. fallinof the masses of magnetic particles affou s an opportunity for therelease of any inclosed non-magnetic articles so that when a given massreaches t e last -iifile 11 it will he raetically free of non-ma eticparticles. he angle at which the ri es may be dis;

posed may vary,- an angle of 30 degrees 1S0 mamas the center line of thetable havin been found in practice to give good resu ts. As the rows ofmagnets are in substantial alinement with the raffle walls theirlongitudinal disposition will beat the same angle, but as.

'- above stated, the development of the sucpessive fields of force havethe effect of transportingthednag'netic articles in a directiontransverse to that of t erifiles. In order to efiect the travel of thenonma netic particles toward the foot of the table it is to beunderstood that the table will be given a sli ht downward inclination;,or a so called (Iifi'erential shaking means may be employed.

' In my application, Serial Number 298,97 7, filed February 1, 1-906,- Ihave described a separator havin -magnets dis osed in rows bothabove'and below the tab e, and a commutator controlling said magnets insuch -manner as to develop fields '0 force in sucoessive rows of theupper magnets alter- Qnately with those of the lower. 'In myapplicatio'n, Serial Number 298,978, filed Febirua'ryl1, 1906, I havedescribed the same relative disposition of the magnets, the rifiles onthe table, however, beingarranged successively in different horizontalplanes,

or in a step-like formation. 1 do not in the present a plication desireto claim any of.

the speei c features claimed in? said prior f p' ications. l 4

" -.Vhat I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is'-:

' tion of atablesubdivided by riflles adapted to prevent transversegravital fiowofthe material fcd'thereto, electro-magnets above sandhaving their polar faces in proximity to 40 said table, said magnetsbeing d1s osed in inde endent rows, means to feed t e material to eseparated in proximity to the first row ofimagnets, means to energizeand deenerglze sai d'rows of '-1nagnets successively to separate a givenmass of magnetic particles from the non-magnetic and to transport theformer from rillle to rilile in response to maga netic attraction, andmeans to receive the separated masses.

2.. In a magnetic separator the combination of a table subdivided byrifiles adapted to prevent transverse gravital llow of the material fedthereto, elcctromagnets disposed in independentrows above and with theirpolar befac es in proximityto said table, 'means to feed the material tobe separated in proximity to the first row of magnets, means toenergizeand deenergize said rows of magnets successively to separate agiven mass of magnetic particles from the non-magnetic and to transportthe former from ritlie' to rillle in response to magnetic attraction,and

means, to cause the non-magnetic particles -.to travel along-therifiies.

In a magnetic separatorthe combina tion of atable subdivided by rifllesadapted to prevent transverse gravital flow of the materiall fedthereto,- clectromagnet s arranged relatively to said table and disposedin rows running parallel with and above the riifles, means for feedingthe material to be separated in proximity to the first-rowof magnets,means 'to energize and deiinergize said rows of magnets successively toseparate a given mass of magnetic particlesrfrom thenon-magnetic and-totransport the. former from ril'ile to riflle in response to magneticattraction, and means to cause 'the non-. magnetic particles to travelalong therifiles.

4. In a magnetic separator the combination of a table subdividedbyriflles adapted to prevent transverse gravital flow of'the materialfed thereto, means -'to reciprocate said table, a stationaryframe,"rnagnets secured' to said frame ,and disposed in indeendent rowsabove the tablefrneans for eeding'the material to be separated in'prox:imity to the first row of magnets, means to energize and 'd eenergizesaid'rovvs of magnets 9Q successively to'separate a given mass ofmagnetic particles from the non-magnetic and to transport the formerfrom riflle to rifiieby magnetic attraction, and means to receive theseparated masses.

5. In a magnetic separatortlie combinw tion'of a table subdivided byrililes adapted to prevent transverse gravitalflowfof the I 3 materialfed thereto, electromagnetslabove 35 1-. In a magnetic separator thecomb1na-" and having their polar laces in proximity to saidtable, saidmagnets being disposed in independent rows and the magnets of each rowof progressively increasing strength, means for feeding the material tobe separated in proximity to the first row of magnets, mk tlns toenergize and deenergize said rows of magnets successively to separate agivenmass of magnetic particles from the non-magnetic .and' to transportthe former lrom riflle to means to receive the separated-masses.

6. In a magnetic separator the combination of a table subdivided byadapted to prevent transverse gravltal flow of the material fed thereto,said rililes being arranged in' step-like formation, electromagnetsdisposed in rows above and with their polar faces in proximity to saidtable, means for feeding the material to be separated to the uppermostrifile and in proximity to the first row of magnets, means forenergizing andidenergizing said rows of magnets successively from theuppermost to the lo'wer-' most to use arate a given mass of magneticparticles om the non-magnetic and to transport the former from tithe toriflle in response to magnetic attraction, and means to receive-theseparated masses. I

7. In a magnetic se arator thexcombination of a table subdivi ed byriffles adapted um rifile in response to magnetic attractionfand 110 vto; prevent tl ensirerse gravital. flow-pf the materiel fed thereto,said riffles "being ar-i ranged in step-like forniation, electromagnetsdisposed in independent rows above 5 and withtheir-poler faces inproximitfy to. the onteiedgesof seidriflies, means for eeding the 'mateliel to be treategltoi the upperinost riflie-and in proximity to thefirst row 1p ergizm iseld rows of magnets successively .o'fi negnet'smeans -fqr energizing and denp .frc n} t euppermbsttothe lowermcstteseparate a g ven'mass of magnetic particles from the non-m etic and totransport. the former from ri magnetic attraction, and means for recipro15 eating the table to cause the n'o nmegneticv particles-to travelalon%said riiflesv In witness whereof ave signed my name to thisspecification in the presence of two'v subscribing witnesses. V y IALFREDSCHWARZ.

Witnesses:

Omit A. Fosmn CHARLES S. Jc'im

